"Higher Interest Rates—Black and Latinx applicants were charged 0.08% higher interest rates compared with White borrowers, according to a recent analysis of nearly seven million 30-year mortgages by the University of California at Berkeley."

"A yearlong study by Reveal from the Center for Investigative Reporting, which was based on 31 million records, found a pattern of denials for people of color across the U.S. It showed that Black applicants were turned away at “significantly higher rates” than White applicants in 48 cities, Latinx applicants in 25, Asian applicants in nine, and Native American applicants in three. Reveal found that all four groups were significantly more likely to be denied a mortgage in Washington, D.C. The analysis was independently reviewed and confirmed by the Associated Press."

"Discrimination goes beyond mortgage lending. A new report from The Business Journals found White neighborhoods receive roughly twice as much per person in small-business loans compared with Black neighborhoods. Similarly, predominantly White neighborhoods receive, on average, about twice as many small-business loans per capita."

"The report also notes that, since peaking before the 2008 financial crisis, the number of loans made to Black-owned businesses through the Small Business Association's 7(a) program decreased by 84%, compared to a 53% drop in 7(a) loans awarded overall."

"A review by the New York Times showed that 75% of the government's initial round of Paycheck Protection Program loans went to businesses in majority-White census tracks."

"Lending practices have gradually become more equitable in the U.S. But more equitable is not equal. The residual effects of redlining—and ongoing discrimination against people of color today—continue to bolster the country’s racial wealth divide. "